Hi there,
I am still struggling to call a C function from an assembler program
Here is the command used:
jsr $pff.c I tried also jsr _pff.c
The result is always the same:
Error (asp100): Characters exist in expression
Any clue ?
Thks in advance for your help
Jean-Pierre
Which compiler are you using?
NC100 compiler with HEW IDE
According to the user manual (rej10j2009):
Assuming that your C-function is named "pff", you would prepend either the $ or _ character depending on whether the function has arguments passed to it.
I would guess that the problem is the ".c" that is being flagged as an error. Why is this included?
You are right the original error was due to the ".c" but when I removed it the error is now: Undefined symbol exist '_pff' despite the file is clearly included in the project under C source file directory.
Is there any working example program I can look at in order to compare with mine
Thks for your help
Is this a compiler error or a linker error for the undefined symbol?
Here is the complete error message from assembly compiler phase:
C:\0DATA\32C\32C Projects\R32C_GFORCE_GRAPHIC\R32C_GFORCE_3\main.a30R32C/100 Series Assembler system V.1.02.01Copyright (C) 2006 (2007 - 2010) Renesas Electronics Corporation.and Renesas Solutions Corporation. All rights reserved.macro processing nowassembler processing now----*----*----*----*----*----*----*----*----*----*-C:\0DATA\32C\32C Projects\R32C_GFORCE_GRAPHIC\R32C_GFORCE_3\main.a30(461) : Error (asp100): Characters exist in expression---TOTAL ERROR(S) 00001TOTAL WARNING(S) 00000TOTAL LINE(S) 05415 LINESCODE 00000625(000271H) program( C:\0DATA\32C\32C Projects\R32C_GFORCE_GRAPHIC\R32C_GFORCE_3\main.a30 )
The error shown is, "Characters exist in expression" which is quite different than "Undefined symbol..."
Sorry for late reply, I was ut for a while !
Sorry for late reply, I was out for a while !
When the command is: jsr $pff.c
the error is: Error (asp100): Characters exist in expression
When the command is: jsr $pff
the error is: Error (asp100): Undefined symbol exist '$pff'
Errors are the same if I used '_' instead of '$'
Here is the list of C files included in the project
That would be great if I could find a sample program calling a C function from an assembly program !
Can you generate the assembly code for the "pff.c" (or the assembler listing)?
This is an assembler error because you have an undefined name. I have used the NC30 compiler a lot for R8C devices. And there you also needed to define the c function name. Assuming your c function is pff() then you need todo the following:
.glb _pff jsr _pff
The assembler will then recognise the name. And the linker should than link it to the c file.
That makes sense - some assemblers require symbol references, some don't, and some have options to ignore undefined symbols. One could also potentially get the C-compiler to generate such a reference by doing something like this:
extern int pff; int GetPFF(void) { return pff; }
Thanks NGE, you were right !
I did have a '.glb' declaration but I forgot the underscore character (shame on me...)
Now the compilation process is completed without any error (see below)
assembler processing now
C:\0DATA\32C\32C Projects\R32C_GFORCE_GRAPHIC\R32C_GFORCE_3\main.a30R32C/100 Series Assembler system V.1.02.01Copyright (C) 2006 (2007 - 2010) Renesas Electronics Corporation.and Renesas Solutions Corporation. All rights reserved.macro processing nowassembler processing now----*----*----*----*----*----*----*----*----*----*----TOTAL ERROR(S) 00000TOTAL WARNING(S) 00000TOTAL LINE(S) 05416 LINESCODE 00000629(000275H) program( C:\0DATA\32C\32C Projects\R32C_GFORCE_GRAPHIC\R32C_GFORCE_3\main.a30 )----*----*--Phase R32C/100 Assembler finished
But now linkage pass 2 is faulty, see result below:
Phase R32C/100 Linker starting
Linkage Editor (ln100) for R32C/100 Series V.1.02.00.001
Copyright (C) 2006 (2007 - 2010) Renesas Electronics Corporation.
and Renesas Solutions Corporation. All rights reserved.
SentinelRMS (C) 1989-2006 SafeNet, Inc. All rights reserved.
now processing pass 2
Projects\R32C_GFORCE_GRAPHIC\R32C_GFORCE_3\Debug\main.r30"
C:\0DATA\32C\32C Projects\R32C_GFORCE_GRAPHIC\R32C_GFORCE_3\main.a30(461) : '_pff' value is undefined
I dived in an old project with a R32C/111 where in the C file I have the following:
void initSystem(void); void initSystem(void){ }
The declaration of the function can also done in an include. Maybe this declaration is needed for the linker.
And in the assembly:
.glb _initSystem jsr.a _initSystem
It's now working fine !
I used the following:
jsr _pff to call a simple C function and
jsr $open when parameters have to be transmitted
Many thanks NGE for your kind help !!
Following successfully calling C functions from asm, I am now facing a new issue:
My data are defined as follows in asm project
;********************************************************; RAM area allocation ;******************************************************** .section data_SB8, data
record_size: .blkl 1
but I don't know how to include variable and structure defined in C language functions to my data section
defined in asm
Here is an example of a structure defined in H file
/* Directory object structure */
typedef struct { WORD index; /* Current read/write index number */ BYTE* fn; /* Pointer to the SFN (in/out) {file[8],ext[3],status[1]} */ CLUST sclust; /* Table start cluster (0:Static table) */ CLUST clust; /* Current cluster */ DWORD sect; /* Current sector */} DIR;
and variable defined in C file like:
BYTE i, c;
There is no good way to define a c structure in asm. You can manually define offsets in asm for the variables in the c structure. But when you change the structure you need to redefine your asm offsets.
A better way to use c structures in asm is to make use of the asm function also known as inline assembly. With this you can imbed asm in a c function. A small example from the NC100 compiler manual (chapter B2):
void func(void) { short idata; short a[3]; struct TAG{ short i; short k; } s; : asm(" MOV.W R0, $$[FB]", idata); : asm(" MOV.W R0, $$[FB]", a[2]); : asm(" MOV.W R0, $$[FB]", s.i); (Remainder omitted) : asm(" MOV.W $$[FB], $$[FB]", s.i, a[2]); }
And:
short idata; short a[3]; struct TAG{ short i; short k; } s; void func(void) { : asm(" MOV.W R0, $$", idata); : asm(" MOV.W R0, $$", a[2]); : asm(" MOV.W R0, $$", s.i); (remainder omitted) : }
Thks NGE for your quick answer but my purpose is to call C from asm and not the opposite.
My main project is in assembly and I just wanted to access a driver for sd card written in C
The question is how to define an @ in RAM for the C structure not to define it in asm
I would approach this by having the C-code do all structure references using function calls from the assembly side read / write individual structure data:
struct { int Member1; int Member2; int Member3:} Struct;int Get1(void) { return Struct.Member1; }int Get2(void) { return Struct.Member2; }int Get3(void) { return Struct.Member3; }void Put1(int Arg) { Struct.Member1 = Arg: }void Put2(int Arg) { Struct.Member2 = Arg; }void Put3(int Arg) { Struct Member3 = Arg: }